BETA

Bounce Decoder: 451 4.7.1

SPF, DKIM, DMARC, FCrDNS, Blacklists & Inbox Prediction

🔧 Related Tools

ANALYSIS TOOLS
DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS
BUILDER TOOLS

451 4.7.1 — Temporary Auth / Policy Hold

The 451 4.7.1 soft bounce is a temporary deferral, often greylisting or a DMARC-related hold. Learn how greylisting works and when to retry.

🟡
Temporary Failure (Soft Bounce)
SMTP Code
451
Enhanced Code
4.7.1
Category
Temporary Auth / Policy Hold
Frequency
Common

🔢 Enhanced Status Code Breakdown: 4.7.1

Component Value Meaning
Class 4 Persistent transient failure (temporary)
Subject 7 Security or policy
Detail 1 Temporary Auth / Policy Hold

Per RFC 3463 Enhanced Mail System Status Codes. Class (X) = severity, Subject (Y) = category, Detail (Z) = specific condition.

💬 What This Error Means

Your email is being temporarily deferred due to a policy or authentication check. This often relates to greylisting or a DMARC-related deferral — retrying usually succeeds.

Common Causes

  • Greylisting (first attempt rejection — retry succeeds)
  • DMARC policy temporary deferral
  • Rate-based spam filter soft block

How to Fix This

  • Wait and let your mail server retry automatically (greylisting resolves on retry)
  • Ensure your authentication records are configured correctly
  • If this persists, check SPF, DKIM, and DMARC with our Domain Checker

🏢 Provider-Specific Variations

Microsoft 365 / Outlook

Microsoft 365 uses 451 4.7.1 for DMARC-related temporary deferrals. Fixing alignment usually resolves it.

📖 Microsoft 365 / Outlook documentation →

📋 Real-World Example Messages

These are real bounce message formats you might receive. Paste yours into the Bounce Decoder for instant analysis.

451 4.7.1 Greylisting in action, please come back later
451 4.7.1 Service unavailable - try again later

📚 Official Documentation

Microsoft 365 NDR codes
🔍

Got a bounce message to decode?

Paste your full NDR email, SMTP error line, or mail log fragment to get an instant plain-English diagnosis.

Open the Bounce Decoder →