550 5.1.1: Mailbox Does Not Exist

The 550 5.1.1 bounce error means the recipient email address does not exist. Learn why it happens, what Google and Microsoft return, and how to fix it.

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🔴
Permanent Failure (Hard Bounce)
SMTP Code
550
Enhanced Code
5.1.1
Category
Mailbox Does Not Exist
Frequency
Very Common

🔢 Enhanced Status Code Breakdown: 5.1.1

Component Value Meaning
Class 5 Permanent failure (Hard bounce)
Subject 1 Address / Destination
Detail 1 Mailbox Does Not Exist

Per RFC 3463 Enhanced Mail System Status Codes. Class (X) = severity, Subject (Y) = category, Detail (Z) = specific condition.

💬 What This Error Means

We've all been there: you send an email and it bounces back because the address just doesn't exist. This is the digital version of 'Addressee Unknown.' It usually happens because of a simple typo, or perhaps the person has moved on and their old account has been closed.

Common Causes

  • A simple typo in the email address (like .con instead of .com)
  • The person has left the company and their account was deleted
  • The recipient changed their email address but didn't set up forwarding
  • The domain is correct, but this specific person doesn't have a mailbox there anymore

How to Fix This

  • Take a close look at the address for any obvious spelling mistakes
  • If you have another way to contact them, double-check if their email has changed
  • Remove this address from your mailing list, since it doesn't exist, it will just keep bouncing
  • If you were just given this address, verify it with the person one more time

📚 Official Documentation

Google Workspace / Gmail

Google returns: "The email account that you tried to reach does not exist. Please try double-checking the recipient's email address for typos or unnecessary spaces."

📖 Google Workspace / Gmail documentation → Browse all Google Workspace / Gmail error codes →
Microsoft 365 / Outlook

Microsoft 365 returns: "Recipient not found by SMTP address lookup." Check the address in the GAL if sending to an internal mailbox.

📖 Microsoft 365 / Outlook documentation → Browse all Microsoft 365 / Outlook error codes →
Yahoo / AOL

Yahoo returns: "No such user here." This is final. The address does not exist on their system.

📖 Yahoo / AOL documentation → Browse all Yahoo / AOL error codes →
RFC 5321: SMTP

📋 Real-World Example Messages

These are real bounce message formats you might receive. Paste yours into the Bounce Decoder for instant analysis.

From: Mail Delivery Subsystem <[email protected]>
Subject: Delivery Status Notification (Failure)

Content-Type: message/delivery-status

Final-Recipient: rfc822; [email protected]
Action: failed
Status: 5.1.1
Diagnostic-Code: smtp; 550 5.1.1 The email account that you tried to reach does not exist.
550 5.1.1 User unknown

550 5.1.1 <[email protected]>: Recipient address rejected: User unknown in virtual mailbox table
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