A Address Record (IPv4)

An A record maps a hostname to an IPv4 address. Learn how A records relate to mail servers, SPF, and FCrDNS checks.

Published · Last verified · Maintained by TamingDNS

Record Type
A
Category
Address & Routing
RFC
RFC 1035
Email Relevant
Yes
Format
A <ipv4-address>
Example
A 93.184.216.34
TTL Guidance
3600 s typical; 300 s during migrations or failover testing

💬 What This Record Does

An A record is the simplest DNS record: it maps a hostname to an IPv4 address. When your browser or mail server needs to connect to example.com, it queries the A record to find the IP address. For email, A records are used by MX hosts (your mail server's hostname must have an A record), by the SPF "a" mechanism (which authorises the IP in an A record), and by FCrDNS checks (the PTR hostname must resolve forward via an A record back to the sending IP).

Common Uses

  • Resolving your mail server hostname to an IP for MX routing
  • Being referenced by the SPF "a" mechanism
  • The forward lookup half of an FCrDNS (PTR ↔ A) check

⚠️ Watch Out For

  • MX records must point to hostnames, not bare IPs. The hostname needs an A record.
  • If your A record changes and SPF uses the "a" mechanism, your SPF authorised set changes silently.

📋 Complete Example Records

Whole records in zone-file form: name, TTL, class, type, then the data. Most DNS panels ask for the pieces separately. Look them up live with the DNS Lookup tool.

mail.example.com.  3600  IN  A  192.0.2.10

A mail server's address record. Every hostname an MX record points at needs one, or delivery has nowhere to go.

example.com.       3600  IN  A  192.0.2.10
www.example.com.   3600  IN  A  192.0.2.10

The apex and www pointing at the same address. The apex cannot be a CNAME, so it takes an A record even when www does not.

example.com.  3600  IN  A  192.0.2.10
example.com.  3600  IN  A  192.0.2.11

Two addresses on one name, which resolvers hand out in varying order. Bear in mind the SPF "a" mechanism authorises both.

mail.example.com.  300  IN  A  192.0.2.10

The same record with a five-minute TTL, dropped ahead of a migration. Lower it a day before the move so caches have expired by the time you cut over.