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Bounce Decoder: 421

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421 — Service Temporarily Unavailable

The 421 SMTP error means the receiving server is temporarily unavailable or closing the connection. Learn what causes 421 errors and when to retry.

🟡
Temporary Failure (Soft Bounce)
SMTP Code
421
Category
Service Temporarily Unavailable
Frequency
Common

💬 What This Error Means

The receiving server is temporarily unavailable or is closing the current connection. Your mail server will automatically retry this delivery.

Common Causes

  • Server overload or maintenance window
  • Rate limiting in effect at the server level
  • Temporary connection closure

How to Fix This

  • Your server retries automatically — no action needed in most cases
  • If sending bulk email, reduce your sending rate

📋 Real-World Example Messages

These are real bounce message formats you might receive. Paste yours into the Bounce Decoder for instant analysis.

421 Service temporarily unavailable
421 4.3.2 Service temporarily unavailable

📚 Official Documentation

RFC 5321 — SMTP
🔍

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